《新闻采访与写作》知识梳理（一）
<p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 36px; font-size: 24px;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">一、新闻与事实的关系</span></font></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 36px; font-size: 24px;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">新闻来自事实，由事实构成，是事实的记录和再现。事实第一性，新闻第二性，一个是源，一个是流，先有事实后有新闻，再者的关系不容分离，更不容颠倒。</span></font></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 36px; font-size: 24px;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">二、新闻采访与新闻写作的关系</span></font></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 36px; font-size: 24px;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">从本质而言，新闻采访决定新闻写作，具体表现在：</span></font></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 36px; font-size: 24px;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">1.</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">只有认识事实，才能反映事实，而对客观事实的认识，尽管可在贯穿整个采访写作过程，但是，认识事实的任务基本上在采访阶段完成；</span></font></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 36px; font-size: 24px;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">2.</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">抓新闻就是抓事实，写新闻就是写事实，新闻写作有赖于对事实的采访；</span></font></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 36px; font-size: 24px;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">3.</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">采访的深度和广度，直接关系到写作的深度和广度；</span></font></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 36px; font-size: 24px;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">4.</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">内容决定形式，形式服从内容。新闻写作的基础在于采访，采访决定新闻写作，这是人们对客观事实认识的规律，也是新闻采写经验的总结。</span></font></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 36px; font-size: 24px;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">5.</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">在事实成为新闻的转化过程中，新闻写作是一个必经阶段和一种不可缺少的手段，采访活动也要受写作的制约和检验，新闻的写作对于采访有能动作用。</span></font></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 36px; font-size: 24px;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">总之，按照唯物主义的辩证观点，采访是写作的前提和基础，写作是采访的表现和结果，既要深入采访，又要讲究写作，二者不可偏废。但从采访写作关系的实质来看，应该说是采访决定写作。</span></font></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 36px; font-size: 24px;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">三、采访写作的两个明显的特点：</span></font></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 36px; font-size: 24px;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">一是更加强调实践性；</span></font></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 36px; font-size: 24px;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">二是有鲜明的政治性。</span></font></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 36px; font-size: 24px;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">四、新闻采访和写作要特别注意的两个“正确”对待：</span></font></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 36px; font-size: 24px;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">一是要正确对待我们党的新闻工作在采写方面的传统经验；</span></font></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 36px; font-size: 24px;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">二是要正确对待西方新闻界的采访写作经验。</span></font></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 36px; font-size: 24px;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">五、新闻采访艺术：</span></font></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 36px; font-size: 24px;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">主要研究如何运用唯物辩证观点、求实观点和群众观点，正确处理好新闻采访中的微观与宏观、个性与共性、现象与本质的关系，记者和采访对象的关系，并运用心理分析加以调节和控制，使采访逐步深化，从感性认识上升到理性认识，正确地把握事实和报道事实。</span></font></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 36px; font-size: 24px;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">六、新闻采访的概念和性质</span></font></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 36px; font-size: 24px;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">采访——是指记者和其他新闻工作者，为完成报道任务或了解某些情况，围绕采集新闻事实材料而进的一项特殊的调查究活动。</span></font></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 36px; font-size: 24px;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">从马克思主义的认识论看问题，采访的性质是主观认识客观并把握客观，是记者向客观事物“进行调查研究活动”，但与一般的调查研究又有不同。采访是以新闻事实为对象、以新闻报道为目的的一种专业性极强的调查研究。</span></font></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 36px; font-size: 24px;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">七、采访的特点：</span></font></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 36px; font-size: 24px;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">采访是一项特殊的调查研究活动，它与一般的调查研究比较，既有相同点，也有不同点。相同点表现在：</span></font></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 36px; font-size: 24px;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">1.</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">都以马克思主义认识论为指导，使主观认识符合客观实际；</span></font></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 36px; font-size: 24px;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">2.</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">都以正确态度和科学方法，进行深入的调查研究，获得真实的、有说服力的材料，弄清事物的真相，探求其本质与规律；</span></font></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 36px; font-size: 24px;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">3.</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">都必须从实际出发，实事求是地分析、研究和解决问题。</span></font></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 36px; font-size: 24px;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">不同点表现在：</span></font></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 36px; font-size: 24px;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">采访这种调查研究活动有其特殊性：新闻性、突击性、广泛性、灵活性、持续性</span></font></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21.1pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">八、采访的目的、任务与作用：</span></font></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">采访的目的就在于获得新闻；</span></font></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">采访的任务，主要是发现、了解和选择新闻，并掌握足以构成新闻的各种事实材料</span></font></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">采访的作用有：</span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">1.</span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">发现和落实线索</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">2.</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">获取第一手材料</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">3.</span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">增加感性认识</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">4.</span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">核对新闻事实</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">*</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">增加感性认识的作用有：</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">1)</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">捕捉一些生动的情节和细节</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">2)</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">增加真实感，增加知识和见闻，获得真知灼见</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">3)</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">有记者自己的比较深刻的感受，能写出独到的见解，能写的感人</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">九、记者需要掌握的新闻事实材料，一般包括：</span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">1.</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">全面情况</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">2.</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">主要事实</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">3.</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">有关背景</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">4.</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">典型事例和细节</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">十、采访的指导思想：</span></font></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">我们的采访活动，必须坚持以马克思主义的认识论作为根本的指导思想，以辩证唯物主义观点和历史唯物主义观点来观察分析问题。</span></font></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">具体来说有以下</span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">4</span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">个方面：</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">1.</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">坚持唯物主义的反映论</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">2.</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">讲究唯物辩证法</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">3.</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">要有历史发展观点</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">4.</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">突出人民群众的作用</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">由上面四项引申的问题：</span></font></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">*</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">如何坚持唯物主义反映论？</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">一是要真正处理好新闻与事实的关系</span></font></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">二是要有实事求是的勇气</span></font></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">三是要遵纪守法坚持原则</span></font></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">*</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">怎样讲究唯物辩证法？</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">1.</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">正确地选择事实</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">2.</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">用唯物辩证法的观点观察、分析事物</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">3.</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">注意事物的相互联系</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">*</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">怎样有历史的发展观点？</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">1.</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">要作发展的眼光看待客观事物；</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">2.</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">要善于从事物发展中捕捉其特点和新意；</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">3.</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">要了解事物发展的历史与现状及其趋势，发掘事物深刻的内蕴</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">*</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">在突出人民群众的作用是，要正确外好几方面的关系：</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">1.</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">人民群众和领导个人活动的关系</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">2.</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">先进人物和群众作用的关系</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">3.</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">领导机关活动与人民群众实践的关系</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">十一、</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">采访的原则：</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">记者采访活动要遵循的基本原则，就是无产阶段党性原则。在党性原则的指导下，具体的说，要坚持以下几个采访原则：</span></font></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">1.</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">实事求是</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">2.</span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">依靠领导</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">3.</span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">执行政策</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">4.</span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">内外有别</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">*</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">坚持实事求是原则，应注意划清几个界限：</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">1.</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">报道思想与主观框框；</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">2.</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">客观报道与客观主义；</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">3.</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">选择角度与乱扭角度。</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">*</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">记者在采访中依靠领导，要注意处理好以下几个关系：</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">1.</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">依靠领导与独立思考的关系；</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">2.</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">依靠领导与深入基层的关系；</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">3.</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">领导审稿与自己把关的关系。</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">*</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">在采访工作中，如何坚持内外有别的原则？</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">一要看形势，识大局；</span></font></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">二要看政策规定和报道时机；</span></font></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">三要看对党和人民是否有利。</span></font></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">十二、采访的工作路线：</span></font></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">记者采访工作路线，概括地说，就是深入实际，深入群众。</span></font></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">*</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">深入群众要做到：到第一线去、重要的“心入”、建立采访基点、持之以恒</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">小知识点：</span></font></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">*</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">“身入”与“心入”——也就是采访要既要形体深入，更要思想深入。所谓“身入”，就是要到新闻现场去，到群众中去；所谓“心入”，就是要深入到事物内部去，弄清事物的内部联系和外部联系，抓住事物的特点和本质，找出事物的规律性。</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">十三、写作的特殊规律及认识依据：</span></font></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">新闻写作的特殊规律</span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">:</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">从新闻形成过程看，新闻写作的特殊规律，集中表现为：服从事实和事实的报道。真实性是新闻的第一生命，形式受制于事实</span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">,</span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">具体来说：</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">1.</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">新闻写作服从事实和事实的报道规律，立脚点先服从事实，再是要服从事实的报道；</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">2.</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">服从事实，报道实事求是，对新闻写作来讲，是根本，是立足点，也是衡量一篇新闻作品成败的基本标准；</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">3.</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">新闻写作服从事实的报道，就是要全面把握新闻特性和新闻的传播需要，以事实为本，争取时效。</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">认识依据：</span></font></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="font-size: 16px;">我们对新闻写作规律总的认识依据是：新闻写作服从事实和事实报道这一规律，归根结底，决定于新闻对事实的依存关系和能动作用。</span></font></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">1.</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">首先，新闻源于事实、报道事实，没有事实就没有新闻，就是社会主义新闻学在新闻与事实关系上的基本观点；</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">2.</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">其次，新闻虽由客观存在的事实构成，却不是事实原封不动的翻版，也不可能是“有闻必录”；</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">3.</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">新闻写作服从事实和事实的报道规律，体现了新闻对于反映事实的客观性和主观能动性的统一。</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">十四</span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;">.</span><span style="font-size: 16px;"> </span><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;">新闻写作的基本要领：</span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-size: 16px;"></span></font></p>**** Hidden Message *****</font><p style="margin-bottom: 5px; border: 0px; list-style: none; word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; color: rgb(73, 73, 73); font-family: simsun; text-indent: 21pt;"><font style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; line-height: 33px; font-size: 22px;"><span style="word-wrap: normal; word-break: normal; font-family: 宋体; font-size: 16px;"></span></font></p><p></p>
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