跟贾陆英老师学《论语》八佾篇第10、11章 2014年5月13日
本帖最后由 石子云 于 2014-5-15 00:19 编辑 <br /><br /><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: center; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 22pt; font-family: 方正小标宋简体; ">跟<st1:personname productid="贾陆英" w:st="on">贾陆英</st1:personname>老师学《论语》八佾篇第<span lang="EN-US">10</span>、<span lang="EN-US">11</span>章</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 27pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; "> </span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><st1:chsdate year="2014" month="5" day="13" islunardate="False" isrocdate="False" w:st="on"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">5</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">月<span lang="EN-US">13</span>日</span></st1:chsdate><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">下午<span lang="EN-US">3</span>点<span lang="EN-US">30</span>分，《“论语”札记》作者贾陆英老师在老秘网“重温经典读书会”<span lang="EN-US">QQ</span>群</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; "> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">49231471</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">里面，就《论语》八佾篇第<span lang="EN-US">10</span>、<span lang="EN-US">11</span>章进行了讲解，<span lang="EN-US">crystal</span>承担了本期讲座整理，足足花了<span lang="EN-US">4</span>个小时，奉献精神，令人敬佩。现将讲座内容整理如下。</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 31.9pt; text-align: center; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 27pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 31.9pt; text-align: center; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 22pt; font-family: 黑体;">一、原文释义<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 31.9pt; text-align: center; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 27pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 22pt; font-family: 黑体;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">3.10<o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">原文：</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; "> </span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">子曰：“禘自既灌而往者，吾不欲观之矣。”<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">释义：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">禘：西周礼制，天子祭祀上天和祖宗的隆重礼仪。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">灌：禘礼中第一次献酒。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">吾不欲观之：禘礼是只有天子才能举行的隆重大礼，周成王因为周公旦摄政有大功，特许他举行禘祭。后来<st1:personname productid="鲁国之" w:st="on">鲁国之</st1:personname>君都沿此惯例，“僭”用这一禘礼。孔子因此不想看。<span lang="EN-US"><br> </span><b>译文：</b>孔子说：“对于禘，从第一次献酒以后，我就不想看下去了。”<span lang="EN-US"><br> <b>3.11<o:p></o:p></b></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">原文：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">或问禘之说。子曰：“不知也。知其说者之于天下也，其如示诸斯乎<span lang="EN-US">!</span>”指其掌。<span lang="EN-US"><br> </span><b>释义：</b>禘之说：关于禘祭的规定。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">示诸斯：示，视。斯，指自己的手掌。示诸斯的意思是像看自己掌中物一般，很容易明了。<span lang="EN-US"><br> </span><b>译文：</b>有人问关于禘祭的规定。孔子说：“我不知道。知道这一规定的人对于治理天下，就好像看清这里一样容易罢！”一面说着，一面指着自己的手掌。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: 黑体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 27pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: 黑体;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 31.9pt; text-align: center; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 22pt; font-family: 黑体;">二、昔日信仰<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 31.9pt; text-align: center; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 27pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 22pt; font-family: 黑体;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 31.9pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 27pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">3·10 </span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">问：孔子的<span lang="EN-US">“</span>不欲观之<span lang="EN-US">”</span>表明了他怎样的心境？<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">答：表明了孔子对<st1:personname productid="鲁" w:st="on">鲁</st1:personname>君僭越礼制的行为既不满，又无奈。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">3·11 </span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">问：孔子为什么以看清手掌来比喻禘祭？<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">答：中华民族以“敬天法祖”为信仰，其最重要的体现就是天子举行的祭天祭祖的禘礼。孔子主张礼治，自然深知禘祭对于治理天下的重要意义。当有人问到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">禘之说</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">时，孔子先说</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">不知道</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">，是因为<st1:personname productid="鲁" w:st="on">鲁</st1:personname>君僭越此礼，他不便指明。紧接着用看清自己的手掌作比喻，指明了禘礼对于治理天下的重要性。成语</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">了如指掌</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">就出典于此，形容对情况的了解就像了解自己的手掌一样。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.35pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">禘礼<span lang="EN-US">,</span>是周朝天子祭祀上天和祖宗的隆重礼仪。孔子对此有两段重要的诠释：<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.35pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">其一，《孔子家语·郊问》：“万物本于天，人本乎祖。郊之祭也，大报本反始也，故以配上帝。天垂象，圣人则之，郊所以明天道也。”<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.35pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">其二，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; "> </span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">《汉书·郊祀志下》：“‘人之行莫大于孝，孝莫大于严父，严父莫大于配天。’王者尊其考，欲以配天，缘考之意，欲尊祖，推而上之，遂及始祖。”<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.35pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">敬天法祖，据《百度百科》介绍：敬天法祖是周礼的核心信仰和高度概括。天就是天神；祖就是宗庙的祖先神。天神称祀，宗庙称享，祭祀天神称为外事，祭祀宗庙称为内事。出自《明史》卷四十八“敬天法祖，无二道也。《周礼》一书，朱子以为周公辅导成王，垂法后世，用意最深切。”朱熹曰：“万物本乎天，人本乎祖，故以所出之祖配天地，”敬是态度，法是学习，敬天的祭祀场所是天坛。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.35pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">法祖可分为两类：<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.35pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">其一，法立国之祖，即所谓的“宪章文武”。如周初法文王和周公。自汉以后，历代王朝，莫不尊其开<st1:personname productid="国之" w:st="on">国之</st1:personname>君主为祖先，而且开国之主遗留下的制度、命令，后代也不敢随意改动。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.7pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">其二，法五帝。即所谓的“祖述尧舜”。君主开国之初，往往先建立自己的帝王谱系。追溯到最早，甚至可以找出他们与远古时代的五帝有血缘关系，这点在《史记》《汉书》中多有记载。古人认为，五帝是“五行精气之神”，人间的帝王和朝代就是五帝轮流所感应而生的，因此也称为“感生帝”。如尧是赤帝所感生，舜是黄帝所感生，禹是白帝所感生，汤是黑帝所感生，周文王是苍帝所感生。帝王祭天当然要祭祀与自己一朝相应的天帝。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">爱就一个字</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: Arial; "> </span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 楷体_GB2312; ">：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">孔子这段，我真是不好理解，也不知为何《论语》要写入这条？这需要一点背景。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; "> </span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">用现在的话说，要敬畏天、敬畏地、敬畏先祖？对党员干部来说就是敬畏法、敬畏民？这与古人对自然的认识是不是有关？认为这社会是被上天在安排着。还有就是天子，有天赋神权一说，让国民认同他。用现在的的话说，就是执政的合法性。古人哲学中是不是认为世界有一种神秘的力量在作用着，或者说是天（上天）。天子敬祖，是不是也给自己合法继承提供地位，权力找依据，偶然性与必然性的关系。孔子的这两段话，理解起来确实有点费力，可能需要与彼时之环境与背景相联系，解读起来可能需要与现时结合起来，更富有新意。孔子的这套学说，有一层意思，就是建立社会秩序的重大作用，为什么后来的统治者一下认同了，就是因为其维护统汉秩序的重要作用，而且一下子影响了几千年。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.35pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">贾陆英</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">：<i>“用现在的话说，要敬畏天、敬畏地、敬畏先祖？对党员干部来说就是敬畏法、敬畏民？”</i><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.35pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">——是的。古人的敬天信仰，就是天人感应信仰。对于我们今天来说，就是要用敬畏严谨的态度去学习和应用自然规律，做好人与自然和谐相处，建设生态文明、美丽中国这篇大文章。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; color: red;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">老酒：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">离子、电子等等，不同的磁场，都在对人起作用。<span lang="EN-US">500</span>年出一个毛泽东和特殊情况下形成钻石有点类似，消极地讲是命运。你出生在山里，拆迁不到你；你生在皇城，拆一下补上千万；你没出生在皇城，你在皇城打工一辈子，也许也达不到这个程度。孔子说的意思是你要守本份，听话，因为上天是这么要求的。你当皇上也会这么干，特别是人还愚昧的时候。即使现在，在某些地方也是适用的。农村好多人经常会说，这都是命，成年人说得也比较多，有时候，准备和机遇都是需要的道道，手掌向里，收了别人看不见；看见的知道，看不见的不知道；规范是人定的，也是人破坏的，守规则的人难成大器。编个莫须有。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">爱就一个字：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">信仰其实是统一思想的问题<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.35pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体; ">贾陆英：</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">国学大<st1:personname productid="师钱穆" w:st="on">师钱穆</st1:personname>先生在他晚年的绝笔文章中写道：“天人合一”论是中国文化对人类最大的贡献。中国人是把“天”与“人”和合起来看，认为“天命”就表露在“人生”上。离开“人生”，也就无从来讲“天命”。离开“天命”，也就无从来讲“人生”。西方人常把“天命”与“人生”划分为二，他们认为人生之外别有天命，显然把“天命“与“人生”分作两个层次，两个场面来讲。所以西方文化显然需要另有天命的宗教信仰，来做他们讨论人生的前提。而中国文化，既认为“天命”“人生”同归一贯，并不再有分别，所以中国古代文化起源，亦不再需有像西方古代人的宗教信仰。在中国思想中，“天”“人”两者间，并无“隐”“现”分别。除却“人生”，你又何处来讲“天命”。这种观念，除中国古人外，亦为全世界其他人类所少有。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.35pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">中国人的信仰和精神追求，和孔子对鬼神的态度有密切关系。孔子怀疑鬼神的存在，他的态度是存而不论，敬而远之。有一种现象值得我们深思：为什么全世界多数老百姓信教，而中国的老百姓却多数不信教？中国老百姓和世界上其他民族的老百姓不一样的深层原因是什么？就是因为中国老百姓深受孔子和儒家文化的影响，中国人的信仰、中国人的行为规范主要是靠儒家文化。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; "> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; "><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.35pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">希腊神话中有一个传说，天上有个叫普罗米修斯的，偷了天火，传到人间，天帝发怒，给他以惩罚。这个故事把人类学会使用火的历史，和“上帝造世”说联系在一起，这是西方人的观<br><p></p>念。而在中华文化中，也有一个关于原始人类从利用自然火，进化到人工取火的神话传说，这就是燧人氏钻木取火，由此发明了火的运用。燧人氏是为民造福的英雄，他的传说是和生活、实践联系在一起的，是我们的先人勤劳、智慧的结晶。在远古神话中，还有伏羲氏观察天地万物和人自身的现象，创造八卦的故事，以及发明种植业的神农氏、发明建造房屋的有巢氏等等，他们都是推动中华文明起源和发展的英雄，被后人给予了神圣化的崇高地位，由此形成了中华民族“敬天法祖”的基本信仰。可见从源头上说，中国人的信仰就和西方文明中的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">上帝造世</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">说有着本质的区别。中国人敬畏“天”，因为天创生万物，惠泽万物。中国人敬畏尧、舜、禹、汤、文、武、周公、孔子这样的本民族杰出人物，他们的共同特点：一是品德高尚，二是智慧超群，三是为中华民族的文明进步做出了突出贡献，因而尊称他们为“圣人”。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">儒学的信仰和宗教的信仰有什么区别？从“和而不同”的角度，谈如下几点：<span lang="EN-US"><br> </span>第一，宗教的教主是彼岸世界的神，儒学的创始人孔子是现实世界中的人。宗教都有严密的组织和戒律，而儒学只是一个学派。后世虽然把孔子封为“圣人”，但是在儒学传承中，孔子是一个有血有肉的人，他幼年贫苦，青年立志学习，成为中华文化的集大成者，并以仁爱之道教化民众，历经磨难周游列国，推行礼乐仁和的政治理想，这是活生生的历史事实，也一直是儒学传承中的主流。<span lang="EN-US"><br> </span>第二，宗教是对神秘世界的崇拜，儒学是对人类未来的追求。宋朝人张载有一句名言，“为天地立心，为生民立命，为往圣继绝学，为万世开太平”。什么叫“为万世开太平”？就是追求人类美好的未来。<span lang="EN-US"><br> </span>第三，基督教、佛教把人生的希望寄托于来生，我国本土的道教把人生希望寄托于长生，追求成仙，主张“出世”。而儒学则主张“入世”，强调把握今生的意义。儒家把“立德”、 “立功</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">、“立言”称为人生“三不朽”，就是认为这才是最有意义、最有价值的人生。<span lang="EN-US"><br> </span>第四，宗教是由上帝和鬼神来支配人类的命运，而儒学更注重以理性的思考来观察和认识事物，更强调把命运把握在自己的手中。有人从《论语》中关于“天”的一些说法，推断出儒家的“天”就是一神教的“上帝”，这实在是一种误读。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.35pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">著名学者<st1:personname productid="梁漱溟" w:st="on">梁漱溟</st1:personname>先生说<span lang="EN-US">:</span>“中国没有宗教，替代一个大宗教而为中国社会文化中心的<span lang="EN-US">,</span>是孔子之教化。”我认为，<st1:personname productid="梁" w:st="on">梁</st1:personname>先生这段话有两个要点：<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.35pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">第一，所谓“中国没有宗教”是指，在中国，宗教没有成为国家意识形态，更没有出现过宗教地位高于国家政权的情况。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.35pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">第二，中国社会的文化中心，是“孔子之教化”。虽然也有人把儒学称为“儒教”，但是，这个</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">教”乃是“教化</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">之教，与基督教、佛教、伊斯兰教等有显著的区别。当然，儒家非常重视丧礼和祭礼，有“三大祭”，就是祭天、祭祖、祭孔。这是不是宗教呢？这是儒家受上古文化传统影响而保留的一种宗教情怀，而不能视为一般意义上的宗教。孔子及儒家重视丧礼和祭礼的目的，是为了借用民间的传统和习俗，推行儒家的孝道和仁爱精神，教化民众，维护礼制。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">爱就一个字</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; "> </span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">精辟，西方宗教也讲天，而中国人从思想深处讲天。儒家文化强调天下这个大局观，他们也有一个共同点，强调民族文化源头。儒家强调的天，我突然想到，是不是想强调正统。法祖，也可以理解为一种继承，所以儒家文化绵延几千年。这些文化都是从思想层面解决“人”。人与动物的区别，就是思想。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">葵花</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; "> </span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">这是中国传统文化的特色。孔夫子对我国历史的伦理道德的形成具有重大贡献，但是在后代的传承上拐弯了<span lang="EN-US">!<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">云淡风请</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; "> </span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">中国民俗文化也是将“天”比作天下最大者，天、地、君、亲、师就是这样。而儒学则是倡导一种忠孝文化礼仪，一是为统治者服务，二是规范百姓的行为。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">老酒</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; "> </span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">内容和壳子（形式）需要跟上时代。中央前段时间提出了这个要求，也是从礼方面注重引导的一个举措，需要多措并举。核心的东西没有变，物质和精神的同步满足，个人与社会的共同进步。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">夕惕若：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">不知道现在的新瓶，还能不能装下古代的老酒？<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.35pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">贾陆英：</span><i><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">“法祖，也可以理解为一种继承，所以儒家文化绵延几千年。”</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; "><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">——</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">是的，孔子“祖述尧舜，宪章文武”，就是强调继承，在继承的基础上才可以创新。创新不能离开传承而另开炉灶。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; "><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: center; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 44pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 22pt; font-family: 黑体;">三、今日危机<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; "><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;"></span></p>**** Hidden Message *****<p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.35pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; "><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">夕惕若<span lang="EN-US">:</span></span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; "> </span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">和一切以经济建设为中心不无关系啊！不仅外族武力的入侵不能断了传承，外族文化的入侵照样会被我们的传统文明同化，佛教如是，马列也会如是。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">老酒<span lang="EN-US">:</span></span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">所以不能被物质绑架，不能盲目乐观，特别是现在。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">爱就一个字</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; "> </span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">更不能失去信心。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><i><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">“</span></i></b><i><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">不如说是‘精神家园的重构’。”</span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; "><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.35pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">——确实啊<span lang="EN-US">!</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; "> </span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">在物质的强烈冲击下，精神家园的重构。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.35pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">贾老，我突然想到，儒家文化隐隐中那天下观，一种文化定力，是不是中华民族无论什么外族入侵都最终没有消亡的原因，而其他三大文明古国文化却因此缺陷断层。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.35pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">贾陆英：</span><i><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">“贾老，我突然想到，儒家文化隐隐中那天下观，一种文化定力，是不是中华民族无论什么外族入侵都最终没有消亡的原因，而其他三大文明古国文化却因此缺陷断层。”<br><p></p></span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; "><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">——</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">这是原因之一，还有更重要的原因，就是它的包容性，主张和而不同，不断吸取外来文化精华，丰富和发展自己。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">爱就一个字<span lang="EN-US">:</span></span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">深刻啊。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">云淡风请</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; "> </span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">现在儒学文化依然还有它积极重要的一面，但社会变迁，世界接轨，这种方化对年青的影响所起的作用越来越少了。随着世界经济、文化的融合与接轨，人们的人生观念、价值取向最终也会走向大同。这是一种历史发展趋势。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">葵花</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; "> </span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">现在的年轻人有很多觉得外国各种先进，然后自己主观认为自己国家的文化落后，都不知道这种现象是哪里出了问题了<span lang="EN-US">!<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">贝壳里的海滩</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; "> </span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">国人把老祖宗留下的东西丢得差不多了。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">云淡风请：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">能传承中国传统文化真的不易。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">老酒<span lang="EN-US">:</span></span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">社会行为、家长行为造成的，穷并且快乐着。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.35pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">贾陆英：<i>“</i></span><i><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">现在的年轻人有很多觉得外国各种先进，然后自己主观认为自己国家的文化落后，都不知道这种现象是哪里出了问题了<span lang="EN-US">!</span>”<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.35pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">——</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">而在真正具有世界眼光的学者看来，中华文化是人类最优秀最有价值的文化之一。世界著名历史学家汤因比先生曾经预言：“儒家的人文主义价值观使得中国文明符合了新时代人类社会整合的需求。只有中华文明，才能真正给予世界永久的和平。一个历史上一直是和平主义和世界主义为取向的天下文明也将在<span lang="EN-US">21</span>世纪成为全人类的共同精神财富”。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">爱就一个字</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; "> </span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">:</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">贾老，上次讨论快结束时，想到一个问题想跟你探讨下：为什么现在说正面的东西，不爱听<span lang="EN-US">, </span>或者说，为什么说党与政府一点正面的东西，就被说成洗脑之类的。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">老酒</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; "> </span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">：这种人不多。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">和风轻语<span lang="EN-US">:</span></span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">一说正面的东西，别人就认为是说教。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">老酒：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">你总说真理，你总办假事。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">夕惕若</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; "> </span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">生、老、病、死、憎怨会、爱别离、求不得、放不下，如此种种苦，想要独善其身，淡泊名利，何其之难，对政府信任感的缺失，但凡是政府发布的，都往反方面想，越说不是恐怖袭击，很多人偏认定就是。就说现在我们这里搞全民健康查体，农民一听是政府组织的，还要宣传、排名，都很反感，没有几个积极响应的。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">和风轻语</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; "> </span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">政府信用破产<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">爱就一个字：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">其实，从纵向看，党与政府作出的事是有目共睹的，但为什么很多人就爱抓黑暗面、失误，并且放大，否定一切。习总讲过，这是塔西佗效应。当失去公信力时，不论说真话还是假话，做好事还是坏事，都会被认为说假话，做坏事。这就是“塔西佗效应”。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">老酒：</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; "> </span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">这个是共产主义的精神支柱，超越马克思主义的历史阶段，天下大同。因为落后挨打，所以不自信；因为贫穷，所以不自信；因为终生奋斗而没有结果，所以不自信；因为很努力，终生副科病，不能为大众奉献，所以不自信；因为守法，所以进了监狱，所以不自信；因为公正被黑社会暴打，所以不自信；因为守土被碾死，所以不自信。除了在党对自身干部的约束方面要加强外，还权与民才是正道。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">云淡风请：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">政府的公信力的确出现一些问题，同时老百姓身边所发生的事有些也让我们感到失望。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; "> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; "><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">爱就一个字：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">不是贫穷，是有些人自卑，心里自卑。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.35pt; line-height: 27pt; "><i><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">“因为终生奋斗而没有结果，所以不自信。”<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.35pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">——是你的价值观出错了，为了当官而作事？<b><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.35pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">我们民族要自信、自强。天天把官字挂在嘴上，能将什么心思放在做事上？<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">葵花</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; "> </span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">各种公开化，让民众参与。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.35pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">贾陆英：<span lang="EN-US">@</span></span><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">爱就一个字，<i>“</i></span></b><i><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">其实，从纵向看，党与政府作出的事是有目共睹的，但为什么很多人就爱抓黑暗面、失误，并且放大，否定一切。”<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">——</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">是的。网络的广泛运用，使这种放大乃至造谣的力量无限膨胀。西方敌对势力利用之，国内少数唯恐天下不乱者也利用之。今天一则报导，就是活生生事例。编造传播虚假信息，境外网站“爆料人”向南夫被刑拘。希望大家关注这条信息，认真思考一下。对于网上的信息，切不可轻易相信，一定要有警惕性，有辨别力。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">爱就一个字</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; "> </span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">我看了这条信息，说明外部势力并不是真心为国人好，乌克兰，现在好了，四分五裂。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">老酒：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">今天，在某种程度上，要有斯大林整治腐败干掉<span lang="EN-US">78</span>万人的决心。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">爱就一个字：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">从你我做起。如果人一生能活五千年就好了，他可以一直体会社会发展。当我们的后代成长起来，过去的辛酸与贫困，是根本感受不到的<b>。</b>我想说的就是，当我们的后代成长起来后，又会面临现在的问题都是一种生活态度。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">学习<span lang="EN-US">QQ</span></span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; "> </span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">那不成老妖了，看过《来自星星的你》没？其实活长了而且死不了，也没多大意思，生命在于质量</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; "> </span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">云淡风请</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; "> </span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">还是古人说得好，任他富贵乾坤大，守我本份日月长，知足常乐。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">学习<span lang="EN-US">QQ</span></span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; "> </span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">：<i>“任他富贵乾坤大，守我本份日月长。”</i></span><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; "> </span></i><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; "><o:p></o:p></span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.35pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; "> </span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">——古人说的么，网上找出处没找到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; "> </span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">？<span lang="EN-US"><img width="32" height="32" src="file:///J:/%E8%80%81%E7%A7%98%E7%BD%91/%E8%AF%BB%E4%B9%A6%E7%AC%94%E8%AE%B0%E6%95%B4%E7%90%86/%E5%8D%81%E3%80%81%E5%8D%81%E4%B8%80/%E8%B7%9F%E8%B4%BE%E9%99%86%E8%8B%B1%E8%80%81%E5%B8%88%E5%AD%A6%E3%80%8A%E8%AE%BA%E8%AF%AD%E3%80%8B%E5%85%AB%E4%BD%BE%E7%AF%87%E7%AC%AC10%E3%80%8111%E7%AB%A03.files/image001.gif" v:shapes="_x0000_i1025"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">云淡风请</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; "> </span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">我父亲过年写春联时，喜欢将这写上贴在门旁，我很小，问何意，父不言，他说等你长大了就明白了。父自小读《四书》《五经》。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">贝壳里的海滩</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; "> </span></b><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">你父亲是原创，快快申请专利。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">云淡风请：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">其实这对联现在出有，哪是我父亲原创哟？如果说做人的道理，《增广贤文》写得天下一绝。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">学习<span lang="EN-US">QQ</span>：</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; "> </span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">现在很多高学历的人</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; "> </span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">被没什么文化的人所引导，李洪志就是个厉害的角儿</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; "> </span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; "> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; "><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.5pt; line-height: 27pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">云淡风请</span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; "> </span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">：但现在读书是读不到那样的书。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; color: red;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.35pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; "><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: center; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 43.1pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 22pt; font-family: 黑体;">四、价值自信<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.35pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.35pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">贾陆英：</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">今天，寻找中国人的精神家园，重建中国人的信仰，就是要在全社会培育和弘扬社会主义核心价值观。习近平总书记五月四日在北京大学的讲话中说：人类社会发展的历史表明，对一个民族、一个国家来说，最持久、最深层的力量是全社会共同认可的核心价值观。核心价值观，承载着一个民族、一个国家的精神追求，体现着一个社会评判是非曲直的价值标准。每个时代都有每个时代的精神，每个时代都有每个时代的价值观念。在当代中国，我们的民族、我们的国家应该坚守什么样的核心价值观？经过反复征求意见，综合各方面认识，我们提出要倡导富强、民主、文明、和谐，倡导自由、平等、公正、法治，倡导爱国、敬业、诚信、友善，积极培育和践行社会主义核心价值观。富强、民主、文明、和谐是国家层面的价值要求，自由、平等、公正、法治是社会层面的价值要求，爱国、敬业、诚信、友善是公民层面的价值要求。这个概括，实际上回答了我们要建设什么样的国家、建设什么样的社会、培育什么样的公民的重大问题。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; "> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; "><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.35pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">习总书记还指出：中华文明绵延数千年，有其独特的价值体系。中华优秀传统文化已经成为中华民族的基因，植根在中国人内心，潜移默化影响着中国人的思想方式和行为方式。今天，我们提倡和弘扬社会主义核心价值观，必须从中汲取丰富营养，否则就不会有生命力和影响力。我们生而为中国人，最根本的是我们有中国人的独特精神世界，有百姓日用而不觉的价值观。我们提倡的社会主义核心价值观，就充分体现了对中华优秀传统文化的传承和升华。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 31.35pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; "><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: center; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 64.9pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 22pt; font-family: 黑体;">五、下讲预告<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 27pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; "><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">祭如在，祭神如神在。子曰：“吾不与祭，如不祭。”<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">祭如在：此“祭”字指祭祀自己的祖先。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">吾不与祭：与，参与。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">孔子祭祀祖先的时候，就如同祖先真在那里；祭祀神的时候，就如同神真在那里。孔子说：“我如果不亲自参加祭祀，（由别人代祭）那就如同不祭祀一样。”<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; "><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; "><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 27pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; "><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p></p> 感谢贾老，感谢猫总！书已收到！~石头兄与crystal辛苦了！~ 化零为整，点石成金。经典不容错过，吾欲观之。 5.13号跟贾老师学《论语》是我进老秘网后的第三课，刚开始总是跟不上趟--懵懵懂懂的，现在有点适应了，且是越听越有劲头...贾老师授课有道，谢谢贾老师！您辛苦了！ 大家学习的热情感染了我，咱们共同努力，把这个《论语》课搞得更好。 这是听过的论语课中觉得最为精彩的一课！谢谢老猫和石头！
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