跟贾陆英老师学《论语》八佾篇第12章 2014年5月15日
<p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: center; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 22pt; font-family: 方正小标宋简体; ">跟<st1:personname productid="贾陆英" w:st="on">贾陆英</st1:personname>老师学《论语》八佾篇第<span lang="EN-US">12</span>章</span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; "> </span><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><st1:chsdate isrocdate="False" islunardate="False" day="15" month="5" year="2014" w:st="on"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">5</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">月<span lang="EN-US">15</span>日</span></st1:chsdate><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">下午<span lang="EN-US">3</span>点<span lang="EN-US">30</span>分，《“论语”札记》作者贾陆英老师在老秘网“重温经典读书会”<span lang="EN-US">QQ</span>群</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; "> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">49231471</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">里面，就《论语》八佾篇第<span lang="EN-US">12</span>章进行了讲解。现将讲座内容整理如下。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: center; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 22pt; font-family: 黑体;">一、原文释义<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: left; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 宋体;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">原文：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">祭如在，祭神如神在。子曰：“吾不与祭，如不祭。”<span lang="EN-US"><br> <b> </b></span><b>释义<span lang="EN-US">:</span></b>祭如在：此“祭”字指祭祀自己的祖先。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">吾不与祭：与，参与。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">译文：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">孔子祭祀祖先的时候，就如同祖先真在那里；祭祀神的时候，就如同神真在那里。孔子说：“我如果不亲自参加祭祀，（由别人代祭）那就如同不祭祀一样。”<span lang="EN-US"><br> <o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: center; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 22pt; font-family: 黑体;">二、本心诚，行为正<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: center; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; "><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体; ">问：孔子既然怀疑鬼神的存在，为什么又有“祭神如神在”的记载？</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; "><br> </span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">答：“祭如在，祭神如神在”这句话，是弟子们对孔子在祭祀时心态和表情的如实记载。孔子认为，礼出乎情，没有真情实感，没有内心之仁，礼就会流于形式。因此，他若亲临祭祀，必是至诚至敬，就如同祖先或神灵真在那里一样。他若不能亲自参与祭祀，是不会让他人代祭的。<span lang="EN-US"><br> </span> 孔子怀疑鬼神的存在，但是又非常重视祭礼，主张“敬鬼神而远之”（《论语·雍也》），其目的是为了借助民间神灵崇拜的习俗，弘扬他所竭力倡导的孝道和仁爱精神。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">本章提出了关于内容与形式相互关系的问题。内容指构成事物的一切内在要素的总和；形式指事物内在要素的结构或表现方式。任何事物都有自己的内容，也都有自己的形式，是内容与形式的统一。内容与形式互相联系、互相制约，在一定条件下可以互相转化。内容是事物存在的基础，有什么样的内容，就会有什么样的形式；事物的内容发生了变化，其形式迟早也会发生相应的变化。内容决定形式，形式依赖于内容，并随内容的发展而发展。形式对事物的内容又有反作用，形式适应于内容，就会对内容的发展起促进作用；反之，就会对内容的发展起阻碍作用。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">在实际工作中，要注意区别必要的形式与形式主义。《人民网》有一篇专门讨论形式与形式主义的文章，引来供大家参考。形式，不是坏东西。从哲学上讲，形式是内容的存在和表现方式。任何事物、任何工作、任何活动，都必须通过一定形式来体现其内容。古代田忌赛马，就是通过形式的优化组合，实现了形式与效果相统一。又如，各种传统礼节虽然是“老皇历”，却具有很强生命力；党代会、人代会等重要会议的会场布置要庄重热烈；十八大后，各地及时组织学习贯彻大会精神，派宣讲团、举办各种形式的培训班等。这些现象告诉我们，办好事情、推动工作采取一定的形式是必要的。<span lang="EN-US"><br> </span>但是，如果过分强调或夸大形式，偏离或脱离实际内容，仅在形式上做文章，就会使形式成为“形式主义”。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; "> </span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">形式与形式主义，只有一步之遥，尺度把握不好，在实践中就会把形式与内容割裂，甚至对立起来，这就产生了形式主义。形式主义害死人，这话不假，其根本原因在于，净搞虚头巴脑却不干正事，只有唱功没有做功，一切就都等于零。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">网上概括形式主义的突出表现：<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">一、用华众取宠代替实事求是；<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">二、用投机取巧代替实干苦干；<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">三、用粗枝大叶代替一丝不苟；<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">四、用走马观花代替深入实际；<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">五、用潦草应服代替严谨作风；<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">六、用高喊口号代替实际工作；<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">七、用三心二意代替全心全意；<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">八、用虚张声势代替雷厉风行；<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">九、用欺上瞒下代替求真务实；<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">十、用表面文章代替表里如一。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">形式主义的主要根源是主观主义、个人主义和“官本位”思想。形式主义最突出的表现就是弄虚作假、作表面文章，以赢得上级肯定和领导满意。有的把上级的指示当教条，不吃透主要精神，不注重结合本单位实际贯彻执行，而是照本宣科，机械地照搬照套。有的抓工作，片面认为“想到”就是“做到”“能写”就是“会做”，计划措施很周密，却不注重深入实际抓落实。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">夕惕若：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">无论是祭神还是祭祖，心中有诚意才是真正意义上的祭祀，如果自己对神、祖不敬，与其行尸走肉般的举行仪式，不如连这点虚伪都不要了，有了反而是种亵渎。迷信和信仰的区别，相信鬼神是一种迷信，心里有一份对大自然大宇宙的敬畏是信仰，这种信仰能让人保持一份清明，避免走向狂妄自大。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">贝壳里的海滩：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">孔子说：“我如果不亲自参加祭祀，（由别人代祭）那就如同不祭祀一样。”<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">——孔子说的很有道理。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">葵花：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">发自真心的敬畏。若流于形式不如不祭祀<span lang="EN-US">!</span>发自内心的敬畏是尊重自然发展规律的表现<span lang="EN-US">!<b><o:p></o:p></b></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">贾陆英</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">：<i>“发自真心的敬畏。若流于形式不如不祭祀<span lang="EN-US">!</span>”<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">——</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">是的。近几年，出现了一种花钱顾人代祭的现象。专家指出，随着时代的进步，祭品“推陈出新”本无可厚非，但是烧“材夜思”“仆人”等祭品的行为带有非常明显的低俗化倾向，既不利于传统价值的回归，也不利于移风易俗。除了花样翻新的祭品，代人扫墓哭丧的情形也走进了现实：一些淘宝店里，有人提供去墓地代跪、代磕头、代痛哭、代献花等代人祭扫业务，更是对逝者的不敬。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; "> </span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; "><o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">琢璞居主人：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">是否可以理解为“形式与内容的统一”，在进一步说，结合我们的工作也就是“修辞立其诚”。 就像我妈说的，既然做了就要有点做的样子，不然只为了给别人看，何必呢？<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">贾陆英</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">：<i>“是否可以理解为‘形式与内容的统一’，在进一步说，结合我们的工作也就是‘修辞立其诚’。”</i><b><span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></b></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">——</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">赞同。做任何事情，都有一个是真情实意还是虚情假意的区别。要真情实意，反对虚情假意。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">爱就一个字：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">形式主义的根源在于唯上，面对领导，敢做假，面对群众，连假都懒得做，是不是这样啊<span lang="EN-US">!<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">琢璞居主人<span lang="EN-US">:</span></span></b><i><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">“形式主义的根源在于唯上。”<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></i></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">——说到点子上了。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">候鸟</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">：<i>“形式主义根子在唯上。”<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></i></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">——很深刻。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">葵花：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">不仅唯上还有唯下咧，有好多即便是形式吧！级别不一样知道的内容肯定也不一样。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">候鸟：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">对<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">合金弹头：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">形式主义的根源是对上负责，不对下负责。出发点是上级满意不满意，高兴不高兴。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">葵花<span lang="EN-US">:</span></span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">响空炮，不跟进落实。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">贝壳里的海滩<span lang="EN-US">:</span></span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">假、大、空。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">夕惕若：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">那，群众路线呢？<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">琢璞居主人：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">关于群众路线，不妨这样理解。你相信他，他才是推动发展的轮子，你不相信他，他就会成为你的累赘。就像在你的身上安了一对翅膀，前提是不能割掉它。你亲近他，他就能飞；你讨厌他，他就是累赘的肿瘤，群众路线就是这样的。文质彬彬，然<st1:personname productid="后" w:st="on">后</st1:personname>君子，说的就是形式与内容的关系。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">贾陆英：</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">@</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">夕惕若，搞群众路线教育活动，就是要教育我们的各级领导干部和党员，真正把群众放在心中最高位置，全心全意为群众服务。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">一滴水加涛：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">那写文章怎样做到内容和形式相吻合呢？今天写了一篇关于群众路线相关的文章，感觉是在一定的形式框架下，拼凑内容，难以达到形式和内容统一。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">贾陆英：</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">写文章，也有一个内容与形式的问题。何为文章的内容，又何为文章的形式呢？<st1:personname productid="叶圣陶" w:st="on">叶圣陶</st1:personname>先生认为“作文之形式为文字，其内容实不出思想情感两端”。这方面大家有许多切身体会，可以谈谈。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">一篇好的文稿，一定是内容充实、言之有物的；一定是主题鲜明、思路清晰的；一定是事实准确、论述深入的。文稿写作，如果说主题是它的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">灵魂</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">，材料是它的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">血肉</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">，那么，结构就是它的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">骨骼</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">。只有找到恰当的结构形式，才能把文章的观点和材料，叙述和议论组织起来，使其成为一个有机整体，达到内容和形式的和谐统一。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">文章的结构不是一个单纯的写作技巧问题，就其实质而言，它是文章的内容与作者的思想认识在写作方法上的体现，是作者</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">“</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">思路</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; ">”</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">的体现。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">文章在内容与形式上的统一，还要有恰当的文字语言表达。机关常用文体对语言的基本要求则是：准确、简练、严谨、朴实。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; "><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: center; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 22pt; font-family: 黑体;">三、天道远，人道迩<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: center; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; "><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 黑体;">贾陆英：</span><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">回到本章孔子对祭祀的态度上来。孔子对于什么是智慧，有一个重要的解答：“务民之义，敬鬼神而远之，可谓知（智）矣。”（《论语·雍也》）孔子认为，为政者要着力引导民众遵循道义、维护正义。怎样做呢？对鬼神要敬而远之，但要借助民众信仰鬼神的心理，重视丧礼和祭礼，通过这种“慎终追远”的仪式，教化民众的孝道和仁爱精神，使“民德归厚”（《论语<span lang="EN-US">.</span>学而》）。在这里孔子告诉我们，为政者的智慧，是要善于因势利导。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">孔子为什么说“敬鬼神而远之，可谓知（智）矣”？孔子认为，“天道远，人道迩”，他始终关注的是“人”的现实问题，重视的是丧礼和祭礼的现实意义。孔子的学生曾参说：“慎终追远，民德归厚矣。”所谓“慎终”，就是指丧礼。所谓“追远”，就是指祭礼。儒家重视丧礼和祭礼，为的是“民德归厚”，发扬孔子所倡导的孝道和仁爱精神。在长达<span lang="EN-US">2000</span>多年的封建社会里，孔子被尊为圣人，享有崇高的地位，他所开创的儒家思想自然成为了中国社会的主流思想。在儒家思想的影响下，中国人对鬼神既信又不信，采取的是有事就拜，以求升官发财、避祸免灾，没事就搁置一边的态度。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">中国人所追求的崇高人生境界，是“天下兴亡，匹夫有责”“先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐”的爱国主义精神，是“天行健，君子以自强不息”“穷则变、变则通、通则久”的奋发图强精神，是“君子和而不同”“和为贵”“中也者，天下之大本也；和也者，天下之达道也”的中庸和谐精神，是“养浩然之气”“富贵不能淫、贫贱不能移、威武不能屈”的讲气节重操守精神，等等。正因为有了这种以爱国主义为核心的民族精神，中华民族才能在绵延数千年的历史长河中，历经磨难而不衰，饱尝艰辛而不屈，千锤百炼而愈加坚强。在现代化建设的新时期，以爱国主义为核心的民族精神和以改革创新为核心的时代精神相结合，成为中华民族实现新的伟大复兴的强大精神动力，也使中华民族以崭新的精神风貌屹立于世界民族之林。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32.15pt; line-height: 28pt; "><b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">爱就一个字：</span></b><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">贾老讲的是正能量，使中华民族以崭新的精神风貌屹立于世界民族之林。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; "><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; "><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: center; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 22pt; font-family: 黑体;">四、下讲预告<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; "><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">王孙贾问曰：“与其媚于奥，宁媚于灶，何谓也？”<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 31.9pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">子曰：“不然。获罪于天，无所祷也。”<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 31.9pt; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">王孙贾：卫国大夫。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">与其媚于奥，宁媚于灶：当时俗语。媚，谄媚、奉承。奥，居室的西南角，古时是一家中尊者居住的地方，灶是烹饪做饭的地方。居奥的尊者地位虽高，但不管事，不如灶下做饭的掌握饮食大事。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">王孙贾问道：“俗话说，与其在奥处求媚，不如在灶处求媚。这是什么意思？”<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; ">孔子说：“不是这样。如果得罪了天，那就祈祷也没用了。”<span lang="EN-US"><br><br><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; margin-left: 0cm; text-align: justify; font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-indent: 32pt; line-height: 28pt; "><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 仿宋_GB2312; "><o:p> </o:p></span></p><p></p> 学习了。祭祀祖先是表达虔诚追怀之思，祭祀神是内心有敬畏，这应该是初衷吧，而流于形式是在外部环境的作用下逐渐忘了初衷。 本帖最后由 张力济南 于 2014-5-18 10:02 编辑
名终埋不得，骨任朽何妨。高尚之名源于德。只要德与年俱进，名就能如日升月恒，乃至于“高名塞于宇宙，盛业光于天壤。 有人说，读书的目的不是为了记住，提问、质疑、怀疑能力比能记住多少知识重要一万倍。希望今后贾老的课堂，有更多人参与讨论交流，充分发表你的个人观点和独到见解。我们每周二、四下午3：00不见不散。
摘录一段很喜欢的话：
那么应该如何读书呢？没有一个老司机会死记具体的路，老司机把握的是大方向。大方向对了，走那条小路都无所谓。读书也一样，读书要先见‘森林’，再见‘树木’。不能死记‘树木’，忘了‘森林’。更加重要的是要‘读而思’。边读边提问、质疑。读书最大的益处是激发想象力和灵感，不是看谁记住的知识多。子曰：学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。读书就是要：边学边思！
哈哈~好久登不上老秘网，错过了好多精彩！
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