秘书工作室 发表于 2015-12-22 12:15:59

草拟公文初稿必须一气呵成

<p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.600000381469727px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box !important;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 公文的写作过程,大致可分为酝酿准备、草拟初稿、修改定稿三个阶段。笔者就这三个阶段中每一阶段所应注意的写作事项谈点粗浅看法。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.600000381469727px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></span></p><fieldset style="margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 12px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; height: 1em;"><section class="main1" style="max-width: 100%; height: 16px; width: 1.5em; float: left; border-top-width: 0.4em; border-top-style: solid; border-color: rgb(0, 112, 192); border-left-width: 0.4em; border-left-style: solid; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section class="main2" style="max-width: 100%; height: 16px; width: 1.5em; float: right; border-top-width: 0.4em; border-top-style: solid; border-color: rgb(0, 112, 192); border-right-width: 0.4em; border-right-style: solid; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section></section><section class="main3" style="margin: -0.8em 0.1em -0.8em 0.2em; padding: 0.8em; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid rgb(0, 112, 192); border-top-left-radius: 0.3em; border-top-right-radius: 0.3em; border-bottom-right-radius: 0.3em; border-bottom-left-radius: 0.3em;"><section style="max-width: 100%; border: none; line-height: 1.4; word-break: break-all; font-size: 1em; font-family: inherit; text-align: center; text-decoration: inherit; box-sizing: border-box !important; background-image: none;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 112, 192); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; box-sizing: border-box !important;">酝酿准备阶段:要胸有成竹</p></span></strong></span></section></section><section style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; height: 1em;"><section class="main4" style="max-width: 100%; height: 16px; width: 1.5em; float: left; border-bottom-width: 0.4em; border-bottom-style: solid; border-color: rgb(0, 112, 192); border-left-width: 0.4em; border-left-style: solid; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section class="main5" style="max-width: 100%; height: 16px; width: 1.5em; float: right; border-bottom-width: 0.4em; border-bottom-style: solid; border-color: rgb(0, 112, 192); border-right-width: 0.4em; border-right-style: solid; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section></section></fieldset><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.600000381469727px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.600000381469727px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 1.6; color: rgb(227, 108, 9); box-sizing: border-box !important;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; “凡事预则立,不预则废”,就像盖房子一样,公文写作动笔之前,也要对其有一个完整、可靠的规划和准备。</span></strong><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 1.6; box-sizing: border-box !important;">事先准备充分与否,直接影响以后写作的进度和质量。公文写作的准备既包括内容,也包括形式,要通过充分的酝酿准备,达到对整篇公文胸有成竹。具体来说,公文写作的准备应从以下几方面着手。<br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.600000381469727px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.600000381469727px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(227, 108, 9); box-sizing: border-box !important;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; (一)明确“为什么写”——主旨目的要明。</span></strong>公文是公务活动中传情办事的工具。每一篇公文的发出,都有其特定的作用,也就是公文所要达到的目的。写一篇公文,首先要明确这篇公文是要达到什么样的目的。比如:是要解决全局问题,还是要解决局部问题;是要对方了解、认识到某些问题,还是要求对方采取行动、措施等等。要根据公文的写作目的和达到这一目的的根据,确定公文所要表明的主要观点、主张,即公文的主题。如果是领导交办的写作任务,起草者应就这些问题向领导进行仔细询问,认真研究,很好地领会个中含义,切不可不懂装懂,自由发挥。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.600000381469727px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.600000381469727px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(227, 108, 9); box-sizing: border-box !important;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; ( &nbsp;二)把握“写什么”——材料搜集要全。</span></strong>“巧妇难为无米之炊”,有无丰富的写作材料和参考资料,对于一篇公文的成败,起着十分重要的作用。搜集材料要在“全”字上下功夫。要找全需要运用和参考的有关内容方面的资料。既要有面上的情况,又要有点上的情况;既要有正面的事例,又要有反面的事例;既要有新近的事实,又要有历史的事实;既要有上头的精神,又要有下面的反映。全方位地掌握了解资料后,思想观点就会更加客观,方法步骤就会切实可行,写作起来便游刃有余,写出的公文也就丰满充实。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.600000381469727px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.600000381469727px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(227, 108, 9); box-sizing: border-box !important;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;(三)确定“怎样写”——谋篇布局要细。</span></strong>谋篇布局,就是围绕主题把有关内容组织成篇的过程。公文的成败,往往取决于谋篇布局。主要应该确定三个方面的内容:</p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.600000381469727px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.600000381469727px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(227, 108, 9); box-sizing: border-box !important;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 一是定格式。</span></strong>要根据公文的主旨和目的,确定公文的发文对象,选择适当的文种。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.600000381469727px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.600000381469727px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(227, 108, 9); box-sizing: border-box !important;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 二是定结构</span></strong>。即要为公文建框搭架,即撰写写作提纲。写作提纲至少要解决如下问题:一是要进一步确定中心论点和写作思路;二是要确定总体结构、段落层次,解决好先写什么、后写什么的问题;三是要选择主要材料和骨干事例,根据文章的总体结构进行合理安排;四是要初步拟出文章的大小标题;五是要基本确定文章的开头、结尾和论证方式,即如何开篇,如何收尾,如何转承启合衔接过渡等。一般而言,为确保公文的准确、严肃和写作速度,再简单的公文,写作前都应拟个提纲。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.600000381469727px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.600000381469727px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(227, 108, 9); box-sizing: border-box !important;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;三是定重点。</span></strong>要根据文章的主旨目的,确定哪一部分应详写,哪一部分应略写。上述三个方面确定之后,剩下的就是文字工作了。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.600000381469727px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><fieldset style="margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; max-width: 100%; min-width: 0px; border: 0px; font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 12px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><section style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; height: 1em;"><section class="main1" style="max-width: 100%; height: 16px; width: 1.5em; float: left; border-top-width: 0.4em; border-top-style: solid; border-color: rgb(0, 112, 192); border-left-width: 0.4em; border-left-style: solid; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section class="main2" style="max-width: 100%; height: 16px; width: 1.5em; float: right; border-top-width: 0.4em; border-top-style: solid; border-color: rgb(0, 112, 192); border-right-width: 0.4em; border-right-style: solid; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section></section><section class="main3" style="margin: -0.8em 0.1em -0.8em 0.2em; padding: 0.8em; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid rgb(0, 112, 192); border-top-left-radius: 0.3em; border-top-right-radius: 0.3em; border-bottom-right-radius: 0.3em; border-bottom-left-radius: 0.3em;"><section style="max-width: 100%; border: none; line-height: 1.4; word-break: break-all; font-size: 1em; font-family: inherit; text-align: center; text-decoration: inherit; box-sizing: border-box !important; background-image: none;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(0, 112, 192); box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; box-sizing: border-box !important;">草拟初稿阶段:要一气呵成</p></span></strong></span></section></section><section style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; height: 1em;"><section class="main4" style="max-width: 100%; height: 16px; width: 1.5em; float: left; border-bottom-width: 0.4em; border-bottom-style: solid; border-color: rgb(0, 112, 192); border-left-width: 0.4em; border-left-style: solid; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section><section class="main5" style="max-width: 100%; height: 16px; width: 1.5em; float: right; border-bottom-width: 0.4em; border-bottom-style: solid; border-color: rgb(0, 112, 192); border-right-width: 0.4em; border-right-style: solid; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></section></section></fieldset><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.600000381469727px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.600000381469727px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 准备工作好比是“十月怀胎”,起草环节则是“一朝分娩”。初稿写作不顺利,就难以高效率地完成预定的写作任务。从笔者的实践经验看,起草初稿最好是一气呵成。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.600000381469727px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.600000381469727px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(227, 108, 9); box-sizing: border-box !important;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;(一)身心俱入。</span></strong>撰写公文,也需要一种发自内心的写作欲望。公文写作者应当力求变被动为主动,形成一种“我要写”的心理状态。在还不具备这种写作心理的时候,就不要急于下笔。一般来说,缺乏写作欲望的主要原因还是准备不充分,没有达到呼之欲出的境界,在这种情况下,应该对文章重新进行研究和思考,一旦成竹在胸,就容易激发写作热情。热情调动起来后,就应该专心致志、全力以赴地进行写作。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.600000381469727px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.600000381469727px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; color: rgb(227, 108, 9); box-sizing: border-box !important;">&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;(二)一气呵成。</span></strong>初稿只是个“胚胎”,还有待修改,所以初稿写作时不必过于拘谨,应尽可能写得丰厚一些,尽可能把与主题有关的材料写进去,把语言展开一些,不一定求精求简,而应该力求表达到位。较之开始的写作提纲,是多安排几个层次,还是合并某些内容,这时也可放开一些写,根据主题表达的需要,做一些必要的调整。如果初稿写作时过于拘谨,处处苛求,不断地否定自己,那只能是写写停停,文气也可能是断断续续,这种做法是不可取的。写作时遇到难点不要停笔,“跳过”继续往下写。一气呵成的文章,往往能文气贯通,思路畅通。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.600000381469727px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.600000381469727px; box-sizing: border-box !important;">**** Hidden Message *****</p><p></p>

知行 发表于 2015-12-26 19:50:59

要是能一鼓作气、一气呵成、一蹴而就、一挥而就、一锤定音,那真是一马平川,一路凯歌。

慧莫如痴 发表于 2015-12-31 14:16:43

文气!这个词用得准确啊……

lingduyu007 发表于 2016-1-14 11:21:24

撰写公文,也需要一种发自内心的写作欲望。公文写作者应当力求变被动为主动,形成一种“我要写”的心理状态。在还不具备这种写作心理的时候,就不要急于下笔。

yellower 发表于 2016-12-7 11:33:29

准备工作好比是“十月怀胎”,起草环节则是“一朝分娩”。初稿写作不顺利,就难以高效率地完成预定的写作任务。从笔者的实践经验看,起草初稿最好是一气呵成。

伏牛卧龙 发表于 2020-11-17 16:21:08

稿写作时不必过于拘谨,应尽可能写得丰厚一些,尽可能把与主题有关的材料写进去,把语言展开一些,不一定求精求简,而应该力求表达到位。

树先生丶 发表于 2021-12-29 21:18:48

必须一气呵成 学而不思则罔

kl138kl138 发表于 2023-7-25 21:52:35

先完成再完美不可颠倒

木亦尘 发表于 2024-1-2 11:26:11

将一篇文稿的整个过程写的很透,对于职场写作小白很实用

jaeey567 发表于 2024-2-22 11:27:40

小白学到了,平常写文章就是不断否定自己、、
页: [1] 2
查看完整版本: 草拟公文初稿必须一气呵成