怎样把公文写成美文
<p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 16px; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; line-height: 1.6; white-space: pre-wrap; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> 公文写作是机关工作的一项重要内容。然而，会写公文是一回事，把公文写好又是另一回事。究竟如何才能把公文写成美文，写作过程中的“三个四”希望能给大家一些启发与参考。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><section class="" data-id="86516" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; border: 0px none;"><section style="margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: auto; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(221, 221, 221);"><h2 class="" data-brushtype="text" style="margin-bottom: -1px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 6px; padding-left: 5px; font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; border-bottom-width: 2px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(239, 112, 96); display: inline-block; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 20px; color: rgb(171, 25, 66); box-sizing: border-box !important;">写前“四问”</span></h2></section></section><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> <strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;">一问写的是什么？</span></strong><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;">文体不同，写法也各有不同。比如领导讲话中的论述性内容与理论文章的论述性内容，计划方案中的政策性内容与指示中的要求性内容，是不一样的，如果混淆了，写出来的东西很可能就不伦不类。</span><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 16px; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> <strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">二问给谁写的？</strong>写领导讲话，要学会运用反映领导职务身份、性格气质、个人经历的语言，尽可能体现领导的个性特点。只有这样，写出来的东西，才能是领导的口气，而不是机关腔。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 16px; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> <strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">三问写给谁看的？</strong>不同的对象有不同的要求，不同的场合有不同的口气。比如，对上级汇报要简洁干练，对群众讲话要亲切通俗。讲话只有增强针对性，才能受到听众的欢迎。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 16px; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> <strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">四问稿子起什么作用？</strong>要搞清楚，你写这个材料的目的，是对工作进行动员、部署、总结、指导，还是对问题进行报告、说明、解答。目的不同，需求也不同，这是机关写作最重要的关节。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><section class="" data-id="86516" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; border: 0px none;"><section style="margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: auto; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(221, 221, 221);"><h2 class="" data-brushtype="text" style="margin-bottom: -1px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 6px; padding-left: 5px; font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; border-bottom-width: 2px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(239, 112, 96); display: inline-block; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 20px; color: rgb(171, 25, 66); box-sizing: border-box !important;">写中“四求”</span></h2></section></section><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> <strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;">一求“高”。</span></strong><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;">要做到思维层次上得去，把得准。要站在领导的高度上去思考问题、谋篇布局，写出理论高度、指导力度和思想深度。</span><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 16px; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> <strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">二求“新”。</strong>要做到视角新、思路新、</span><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;">概括新、语言新。一个讲话写得成功不成功，对人有没有启发，能不能让人打上烙印，对工作有没有指导作用，关键看有没有超出一般的新内容。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 16px; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> <strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">三求“实”。</strong>要做到情况分析归纳实在，紧密联系实际，指导性意见切实可行。不能不着边际地说空话套话，不能从头至尾都是报纸上的官话，不能没有着落地只讲一般原则。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 16px; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> <strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">四求“顺”。</strong>要做到基本思路顺，框架结构顺，逻辑关系顺，没有“硬伤”。领导讲话必须通顺、准确、全面、妥帖，不能硬掰、硬扯、硬挂、硬拔，一定要防止片面性、模糊性。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><section class="" data-id="86516" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; border: 0px none;"><section style="margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: auto; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(221, 221, 221);"><h2 class="" data-brushtype="text" style="margin-bottom: -1px; padding-right: 5px; padding-bottom: 6px; padding-left: 5px; font-size: 18px; max-width: 100%; border-bottom-width: 2px; border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-color: rgb(239, 112, 96); display: inline-block; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 20px; color: rgb(171, 25, 66); box-sizing: border-box !important;">写后“四看”</span></h2></section></section><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 16px; line-height: 25.6px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> <strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;">一看到位不到位。</span></strong><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;">层次、态度、思想、语言是否符合要求。</span><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 16px; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> <strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">二看得体不得体。</strong>是不是做到了符合讲话人的角色，维护发言者的形象，顾及各方面的影响，把握好火候分寸，照应到相应关系。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 16px; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> <strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">三看严谨不严谨。</strong>是否经得起检验、推敲，有没有立不住的说法和提法，有没有引用不实不当的数据、事例和情况。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 16px; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> <strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box !important;">四看细致不细致。</strong>关键处有无文字错漏，有没有明显的病句，格式、排版、打印、装订、页码等是否恰当。重要环节要准确无误。</span></p><p style="max-width: 100%; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 微软雅黑; font-size: 16px; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important;"><span style="max-width: 100%; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important;"> 通过这四看，把好“五关”:一是把好政策关，确保公文的权威性；二是把好内容关，确保公文的准确性；三是把好结构关，确保公文的严谨性；四是把好文字关，确保公文的缜密性；五是把好格式关，确保公文的规范性。作者：张传禄（解放军防化学院原政治部主任）（据党建网）</span></p><p></p>
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