如何完成一份恰当得体、文采优美、领导认可、听众满意的发言稿
<section class="" powered-by="xiumi.us" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: center;"><p style="text-align: left; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="line-height: 1.75;"> 为领导的每一次会议、宴会、仪式等公务活动准备一份漂亮的发言稿，是秘书的职责所在。完成一份恰当得体、文采优美、领导认可、听众满意的发言稿，除了要求掌握翔实的数据，用语恰当，逻辑清晰等，还要把握七个要领。</span></p></section></section></section><section class="" powered-by="xiumi.us" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px;"><section class="" style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="padding: 10px 15px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid rgb(95, 156, 239);"><section class="" style="padding: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; border-bottom-color: rgb(95, 156, 239); text-align: center; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid;"><section class="" powered-by="xiumi.us" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 18px; text-align: left;"><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;">一、明确要素</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: -3px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-left: -3px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; width: 6px; height: 6px; float: left; border-radius: 100%; background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);"></section><section style="margin-right: -3px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; width: 6px; height: 6px; float: right; border-radius: 100%; background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);"></section></section><section class="" style="padding: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: center;"><section class="" powered-by="xiumi.us" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75;"><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap;"> 秘书在构思领导发言稿的过程中一定要明确的要素主要包括：①时间要素，是上午、下午还是晚上。②场合要素，是工作会上发言、活动启动仪式上发言、答谢会上发言、团拜会上发言，还是作为嘉宾代表发言。场合要素直接决定着领导发言稿的写作基调。③人物要素，人物要素也是明确要素的重要方面，要求秘书必须清楚地知道哪些领导出席，哪些领导发言，哪些人员参加等情况。这些要素直接影响着领导发言稿的写作方向。当然，除了掌握时间、场合、人物三要素，秘书还要了解诸如活动开展地的概况及特点、活动主办方和承办方的概况及特点等相关情况。</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="" powered-by="xiumi.us" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px;"><section class="" style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="padding: 10px 15px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid rgb(95, 156, 239);"><section class="" style="padding: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; border-bottom-color: rgb(95, 156, 239); text-align: center; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid;"><section class="" powered-by="xiumi.us" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 18px; text-align: left;"><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;">二、准确定位</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: -3px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-left: -3px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; width: 6px; height: 6px; float: left; border-radius: 100%; background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);"></section><section style="margin-right: -3px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; width: 6px; height: 6px; float: right; border-radius: 100%; background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);"></section></section><section class="" style="padding: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: center;"><section class="" powered-by="xiumi.us" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75;"><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6;"> 准确定位是指准确判断领导在某一公务活动中所扮演的角色，根据领导的角色推导领导在发言中要表达的意思，写出领导要讲的话。准确定位须明白如下几方面内容。</span><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap;"> 第一，领导是以什么样的身份发言。也就是说，领导是作为主办方发言，还是作为嘉宾发言，或是作为上级指导工作发言。领导在公务活动中的身份定位直接决定了发言稿的定位。如果领导是以主办方的身份发言，发言稿就一定要体现主人意识，表达对上级、嘉宾、朋友的欢迎及感谢之意等。如果领导是以嘉宾的身份发言，发言稿就要体现作为嘉宾的感谢之意以及对进一步深化合作的展望等。如果领导是以上级身份指导下级工作，发言稿就要体现出上级对下级所做工作的肯定以及对下级工作的期望等。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap;"> 第二，现场有哪几位领导要发言。在同一公务活动现场有多位领导发言是比较常见的现象。这就要求秘书再一次深入掌握领导角色，说领导应该说的话，绝不能张冠李戴抢了别的领导的话，以致出现尴尬局面。例如，当有上级领导现场发言时，下级领导的发言应当注重对工作和成绩的陈述，不宜对工作和成绩定性定论，因为此时定性定论的话语应当体现在上级领导的发言中。</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="" powered-by="xiumi.us" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px;"><section class="" style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="padding: 10px 15px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid rgb(95, 156, 239);"><section class="" style="padding: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; border-bottom-color: rgb(95, 156, 239); text-align: center; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid;"><section class="" powered-by="xiumi.us" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 18px; text-align: left;"><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;">三、换位思考</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: -3px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-left: -3px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; width: 6px; height: 6px; float: left; border-radius: 100%; background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);"></section><section style="margin-right: -3px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; width: 6px; height: 6px; float: right; border-radius: 100%; background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);"></section></section><section class="" style="padding: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: center;"><section class="" powered-by="xiumi.us" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75;"><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6;"> 换位思考是对秘书工作的基本要求之一，在拟写发言稿的过程中，秘书更要深入细致地换位思考。</span><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap;"> 第一，要站在领导的角度思考。分析问题，明确发言思路以及要表达的主要意思，拟写过程中要时刻具有主人翁的意识，设身处地地分析，如果自己是领导，应当从哪些方面展开演讲。</p><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap;"> 第二，要站在听众的角度思考。分析领导发言的每一句话和每一层意思会对现场不同身份的听众造成怎样的影响。也就是说，在表达某层意思时，应分析这层意思所指向的对象以及对其他听众所造成的影响是正面的还是负面的，是密切联系的还是毫无关系的等等。例如，领导以嘉宾身份出席某个剪彩仪式的发言一定要提及与主办方的合作项目、合作关系等内容，这些内容主要是针对主办方的，但同时还要顾及现场的其他宾客，他们更关注的是嘉宾代表的发言中有多少内容是和自己有关的，有多少内容代表了自己的心声。</p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="" powered-by="xiumi.us" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px;"><section class="" style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="padding: 10px 15px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid rgb(95, 156, 239);"><section class="" style="padding: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; border-bottom-color: rgb(95, 156, 239); text-align: center; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid;"><section class="" powered-by="xiumi.us" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: left; font-size: 18px;"><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;">四、全面分析</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: -3px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-left: -3px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; width: 6px; height: 6px; float: left; border-radius: 100%; background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);"></section><section style="margin-right: -3px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; width: 6px; height: 6px; float: right; border-radius: 100%; background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);"></section></section><section class="" style="padding: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: center;"><section class="" powered-by="xiumi.us" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75;"><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6;"> 全面分析的要领主要体现在对发言稿内容层次的分析上，要根据发言稿的定位对所要表达的意思进行逻辑安排。比如，若是以活动主办方的领导身份发言，第一层意思是对各位领导及嘉宾朋友的欢迎与感谢，第二层意思则体现举办某项公务活动的价值及意义，尤其是对现场出席人员有何价值及意义，第三层意思则是对工作内容及成绩的概括陈述，紧接着要感谢关怀与支持等，最后提出希望并再次感谢。再如，若是以嘉宾的身份出席某个剪彩仪式的发言，第一层意思一定要表达非常荣幸参加这次仪式并表示感谢，第二层意思则要对仪式的圆满举办表示衷心的祝愿。</span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="" powered-by="xiumi.us" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px;"><section class="" style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="padding: 10px 15px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid rgb(95, 156, 239);"><section class="" style="padding: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; border-bottom-color: rgb(95, 156, 239); text-align: center; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid;"><section class="" powered-by="xiumi.us" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: left; font-size: 18px;"><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;">五、掌握风格</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: -3px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-left: -3px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; width: 6px; height: 6px; float: left; border-radius: 100%; background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);"></section><section style="margin-right: -3px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; width: 6px; height: 6px; float: right; border-radius: 100%; background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);"></section></section><section class="" style="padding: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: center;"><section class="" powered-by="xiumi.us" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75;"><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6;"> 不同的领导有不同的领导风格，也有不同的语言风格，秘书一定要根据领导的风格拟写发言稿。比如有的领导喜欢用排比句，有的领导喜欢用对仗句；有的领导喜欢用长句，有的领导喜欢用短句；有的领导喜欢华丽铺垫，有的领导喜欢开门见山，等等。对领导语言风格的掌握靠秘书平日与领导接触中多留心、多收集、多总结。</span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="" powered-by="xiumi.us" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px;"><section class="" style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="padding: 10px 15px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid rgb(95, 156, 239);"><section class="" style="padding: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; border-bottom-color: rgb(95, 156, 239); text-align: center; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid;"><section class="" powered-by="xiumi.us" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: left; font-size: 18px;"><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;">六、成稿先读</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: -3px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-left: -3px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; width: 6px; height: 6px; float: left; border-radius: 100%; background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);"></section><section style="margin-right: -3px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; width: 6px; height: 6px; float: right; border-radius: 100%; background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);"></section></section><section class="" style="padding: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: center;"><section class="" powered-by="xiumi.us" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75;"><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6;"> 发言稿成文后，不妨虚拟场合要素，虚拟领导风格，先自己试读，通过这种方式，一方面能进一步发现表意、用词等方面的不足，以便及时修改完善，另一方面能进一步以领导的语言风格为标准，对断句、用词、文采等进行全面检测，以便进一步修正完善，最终写出一篇适合领导风格的发言稿。</span><br style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="" powered-by="xiumi.us" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px;"><section class="" style="margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="padding: 10px 15px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid rgb(95, 156, 239);"><section class="" style="padding: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; border-bottom-color: rgb(95, 156, 239); text-align: center; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-bottom-style: solid;"><section class="" powered-by="xiumi.us" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: left; font-size: 18px;"><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap;"><strong style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;">七、勤于积累</strong></p></section></section></section></section><section style="margin-top: -3px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="margin-left: -3px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; width: 6px; height: 6px; float: left; border-radius: 100%; background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);"></section><section style="margin-right: -3px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; width: 6px; height: 6px; float: right; border-radius: 100%; background-color: rgb(95, 156, 239);"></section></section><section class="" style="padding: 10px; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: center;"><section class="" powered-by="xiumi.us" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; line-height: 1.75;"><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: 1.6;"> 写好领导发言稿是秘书基本功之一，不可能一蹴而就，而要经过长期的总结和积累。这主要体现在对场合要素敏感程度的培养与训练，对领导角色定位和领导风格的分析与掌握，对语言文字的积累与应用，对行文逻辑的梳理与总结，对各种数据资料的收集与整理等诸多方面。这些都要求秘书在日常工作中勤于观察、勤于总结、勤于积累，只有这样，才能在写作中得心应手。</span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section><section class="" powered-by="xiumi.us" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(62, 62, 62); font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, 'Hiragino Sans GB', 'Microsoft YaHei', Arial, sans-serif; line-height: 25.6px;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><section class="" style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box; clear: both; min-height: 1em; white-space: pre-wrap;"> （<strong style="line-height: 25.6px; text-align: center; max-width: 100%; box-sizing: border-box;">文 | 李利利</strong><span style="line-height: 25.6px;">本文刊于《秘书》杂志2013年第3期。）</span></p></section></section></section><p></p>
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